Showing posts with label ELECTRONICS. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ELECTRONICS. Show all posts

How to Spoof your MAC address

Do you know that each and every computer/laptop having Network Interface Card (NIC) also known as Ethernet card has a Unique MAC Address?

What is the need and Significance of Unique MAC address?

MAC address also known as Media Access Control is a 48 bit hexadecimal key which identifies a machine of Network when connected to LAN/WAN. 
The Unique MAC address is burnt in the ROM of the Ethernet card. Whenever any request is sent on Network, The ARP packets contain IP address of the Machine along with the MAC address which uniquely identifies a Machine on Network. 
 
Let’s take up a scenario to explain the significance of the MAC address

In today’s world of digitalization, whatever electronic devices you have, it has connectivity features like Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. Whether it may be Mobile Phone, IP cameras, Printer/Scanners, PDAs, Laptops, Network HDDs, etc…

So each and every above such devices should have a unique MAC address.


Consider the above Image scenarios wherein many devices are connected to a Wi-Fi router. Whenever you try to connect the Device with router an ARP (Address resolution Protocol) packets is sent from the device to the router.

The ARP packet which is sent from the device contains the MAC address of its Network Interface controller. As soon as the ARP packets are received by the router, the router checks for Authentication of the device and if the device is Authentic then it sends RARP Packet (Reverse ARP).

RARP Packet contains the MAC address and the IP which has to be assigned to the device. Since there can be many devices simultaneously trying to connect the router, the RARP packet will be broadcasted to all the devices.

But only those devices which match with the MAC address of the RARP packet will be able to accept it and get the Assigned IP address to the device. Since the packets are broadcasted, if the devices doesn’t have a unique MAC address it won’t be able to interact with the Layer 3 devices on Network and Hence will be unreachable from the network.

 How MAC address spoofing can result in Hacking and IS breach

Nowadays everywhere Wi-Fi routers are used to connect to devices like Laptops, PDA, Mobile Phones, etc… replacing the old CAT5 cable.

In case of Wi-Fi, since it is an air interface the signals are reachable to surrounding areas also and thus can be used by any intruder who has the Wi-Fi signal reachability to enter in to the secured network and gain access to the important/crucial information thus resulting in Information security breach.

So as to avoid this, almost all the Wi-Fi router comes with MAC filtering. Which means that the network admin of the Router can already specify that only the listed MAC address are authentic and should be allow to be connected and rest other devices should be blocked.

See below the Screenshot of my Home Router in which I have specified only two MAC address. So whenever anyone else with other than this mentioned MAC address is in the range on the network and tries to connect to the device it will be blocked because the MAC address filtering is enabled.

So in this case we can spoof the MAC address with the one which is allowed and can enter in to the network and use the network resources.

Procedure to Spoof the MAC address

 There are many third party applications available, some free and some paid with which you can easily spoof your MAC address. But I will let you know how we can use Windows predefined functionality to Spoof the MAC address.
     1) First click on start, then click on run And type “control netconnections” and click ok

    2) The above command will open network connections, in network connections find your  Network Adapter of which you have to change the MAC address.

    3)  Right click on the Network adapter and click on Properties and you will see a window similar to below
     
     
      4) Click on Configure button








                                            


      5)      Click on Advanced Tab as highlighted in the above image.




   


    6)  After click on Advanced tab, choose Network Address as in above image and then on right hand screen enter a Hexadecimal MAC address with which you want to spoof your present MAC address

      7)   Once you have entered the MAC address, click on OK and you are done. Yes! Indeed you are done.
You have successfully spoofed your MAC address.

Check the below screenshot which shows the router settings page on which MAC filtering is Enabled.
Only PC or devices with the below mentioned MAC address will be allowed or denied as per the option chooses in the Admin settings of the router. In case your MAC address is blocked by network Admin, then you can spoof up and change your MAC address to connect and gain access to the Network resources.



Even Most of the ISP bind your Login ID and Password to your PC and in any case you want to access internet on any other PC, other than in which the MAC Address is binded by ISP, you can use this method to use internet on other devices as well. 

Many software applications which are licensed to single user single PC, is binded using MAC address and that can be reused in many PC using MAC spoofing.

ELECTRONICS TRICKS

In-depth look at an LVCD board from a Saturn V rocket

January 9, 2013 By 23 Comments
saturn-v-lvdc-board
Join [Fran] as she dons the hat of an electronics archaeologist when looking at this vintage circuit board from the space race. As part of her personal collection she somehow acquired a Launch Vehicle Digital Computer board for a Saturn V rocket. This particular unit was never used. But it would have been had the Apollo program continued.
[Fran] is enamored with this particular board because she believes it is the forerunner of modern digital circuit design and layout. Since routing circuit boards is part of what she does for a living you can see why this is important to her. Also, who isn’t excited by actual hardware from the space program? We’ve embedded two of her videos after the break. In the first she shows off the component to the camera and speaks briefly about it. But the second video has her heading to the dentist’s office for X-rays. The image above is a rotating X-ray machine, but it looks like the best imagery comes when a handheld gun is used. They get some great images of the traces, as well as the TTL components on the board itself.
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Filed Under: classic hacks Tagged With: , , , , ,

Unsigned code running on Windows RT

January 9, 2013 By 13 Comments
unsigned-code-on-windows-rt
A crack has been found in the armor of Windows RT. This subset of Windows 8 is designed to run on ARM processors. The payload listed in the image above allows you to run unsigned desktop applications on the OS.
We haven’t seen very much about the Windows RT package, so it’s nice to hear [Clrokr's] thoughts on it. As far as he can tell the system has not been watered down from its Intel-aimed (x86) counterpart. Rather, RT seems to be a direct port with what is called “Code Integrity” mechanisms switched on. There is a kernel-level setting, barricaded behind UEFI’s Secure Boot, which determines the minimum software signing level allowed to run on the device. This is set to zero on a Windows 8 machine, but defaults to 8 on an ARM device. [Clrokr] uses a debugger to insert the code seen above into a DLL file in order to reset that minimum signing value to 0.
Do you have a project in mind for which this is useful? We’d love to hear about it in the comments!
[via Reddit]
Filed Under: security hacks Tagged With: , , , ,

Another take on the rear-window LED marquee

January 9, 2013 By 27 Comments
re-window-led-display
This rear-window LED marquee will help let the driver behind you know when you’re planing to change lanes or make a turn. But it also includes the ability to send a message like “Back Off!”. [Robert Dunn] was inspired to undertake the project after seeing the one we featured back in October. We’d say his has a better chance of being street legal since it uses all red LEDs.
The marquee is a matrix of 480 LEDs, all hand soldered to form the nearly transparent 48×10 grid shown above. This is important to preserve visibility out the back window of his truck. It makes us wonder about the feasibility of using SMD instead of through hole components. That would certainly make it even less visible when not illuminated, but the assembly process would be much more difficult. That’s because the 5mm LED packages fit nicely in the grid of holes he drilled in some plywood which served as the jig during soldering. The presence of leads also made the soldering process manageable.
Power to an Arduino board is provided from the cigarette lighter adapter. A set of six shift registers drive the columns while the rows are controlled by a 4017 decade counter and some transistors. Check out the blinker test video after the break to get a look at what this can do while on the road.
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Filed Under: led hacks, transportation hacks Tagged With: , , , ,

Garage parking monitor guides you in every time

January 9, 2013 By 17 Comments
THEPARKINGSPOTTER2
The live Adafruit Show and Tell stream from last weekend featured this project put together by [Silent Jeff]. He’s called “Silent” because when it came time to present his project on the show his microphone wasn’t working. As you can see in the video after the break, [PT] and [Ladyada] worked together to explain the project (of which they had no prior knowledge) using a game of charades. This is one of the follow-up images he sent them which details his parking spotter project.
[Ladyada] compliments [Jeff] on the finished look of the device and we agree. Not only does this do a great job of letting a driver know if they have pulled far enough into the garage, but it’s finished appearance ensures it won’t ever look out-of-place. The two silver discs near the lower end of the box are the sensors of an ultrasonic rangefinder. You mount this box so that the sensor is measuring distance between itself and the bumper of your vehicle. As the distance decreases the LEDs change to let you know when to stop. Inside the case you’ll find a voltage regulator and single-chip running the Arduino bootloader. [Jeff] says this is just his second Arduino project and we hope that at this rate we’ll be looking for big things from him in the not too distant future!
This is basically the same idea as cars that use parking assist sensors in the bumper. It’s just attached to the building instead of to the vehicle itself.
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Filed Under: arduino hacks, home hacks Tagged With: , , , ,

New Year’s Eve countdown clock included SMS interactivity

January 9, 2013 By 13 Comments
interactive-sms-new-years-countdown
We remember several years back, when text messaging was first becoming popular, we went to a bar which had a huge television that would display text messages sent to a particular number. This sounds like a novelty, but in a large group of folks who know one another it’s the sandbox of social games. Wanting to tap in on that fun for his New Year’s Eve party, [James] built this countdown timer that includes an element of SMS interactivity.
The rig is projector based. A computer using Processing does the majority of the work but [James] needed a way to accepts text messages (the locale of the party had no Internet connection so this was the best bet). He grabbed a GSM shield and his Arduino Leonardo. The bulk of the evening the display showed the last few messages received, with a small countdown timer in the lower corner. As the countdown approached zero the time was given prominence as in the image above. We guess he was lucky to find a prepaid SIM card that allowed free incoming text messages. Our cell provider charges us 20¢ for each.
You might give this one a whirl next year. If it’s not quite your thing take a look around. We’ve seen a lot of fun setups like this mini ball drop.
Filed Under: arduino hacks, Holiday Hacks Tagged With: , , ,

Glass delay line slide used in an RGB lamp

January 9, 2013 By 11 Comments
glass-delay-lines-lamp
The spire used in this lamp is a part from an old television. It’s a glass delay line slide which pipes the light up from the Bluetooth controlled RGB lamp (translated) in the base.
We have looked at delay lines previously when [Dave Jones] tore down a camcorder to get at one. But we must have missed the EEVblog follow-up episode which explains how the glass slides work. The device uses physical distance to form a delay. Waves directed into the edge of the glass slide bounce around at an angle before being sensed at the collection point. [Lukas] liked the visual appearance of the part and decided to use it to add visual interest to his lamp project. The nature of the glass makes it perfect for directing the light up and away from the PCB.
The lamp consists of one RGB LED module controlled by an ATtiny2313 microcontroller. Also on board is a HC-05 Bluetooth module. This along with an app he wrote lets the user change lamp color and behavior wirelessly. You can see the lamp in action in the video after the break, but we think the camera shot probably doesn’t do it the justice it deserves.
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Filed Under: led hacks Tagged With: , , , , , , , ,

LED ice cubes prevent alcohol induced blackouts

January 9, 2013 By 73 Comments
cube
On November 23rd last year, [Dhairya] attended a little shindig at MIT. Three drinks into the night, he blacked out and woke up in the hospital the next day. It was an alcohol-induced blackout, and like all parties at MIT, there’s an ingenious solution to [Dhairya]‘s problem.
[Dhairya] came up with an alcohol-aware ice cube made of a coin cell battery, an ATtiny microcontroller, and an IR transceiver are molded into an edible gelatin ice cube. The microcontroller counts the number of sips per drink, and after one glass of adult beverage changes the color of the flashing LED from green to yellow. After two drinks the LED changes from yellow to red, signaling [Dhairya] to slow down.
If [Dhairya] feels the night is too young and keeps on drinking, the IR transmitter signals to his cell phone to send a text to a friend telling them to go take [Dhairya] home.
Less than three weeks after waking up in the hospital, [Dhairya] tested out his glowing ice cubes at another party. Everything performed wonderfully, even if he admits his creation is a little crude. A neat piece of work, and we can’t wait to see an update to this project.
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